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〜に反して (ni hanshite)

Writer: Cozykotobar | Naoki
Cozykotobar | Naoki
Sep 9
1 min read

JLPT N2 Contrary to ~ — against what was expected.


Meaning

“Contrary to ~ / against ~.” A result or action opposite to an expectation, rule, or wish. (Before a noun: に反する.)


Formation

Noun + に反して

Noun + に反する + Noun


Examples

私の予想に反して、試合は大差で負けた。

Watashi no yosō ni hanshite, shiai wa taisa de maketa. — Contrary to my expectations, we lost by a wide margin.


親の期待に反して、彼は大学をやめた。

Oya no kitai ni hanshite, kare wa daigaku o yameta. — Against his parents' hopes, he quit university.


規則に反する行為は認められない。

Kisoku ni hansuru kōi wa mitomerarenai. — Acts that violate the rules are not permitted.


How it works

It pairs with nouns like 予想・期待・命令・規則 — something that set up an expectation, which reality then contradicts.


To modify a noun directly, use に反する: 規則に反する行為.


Compared with similar expressions

  • 〜に反して — “contrary to,” goes against an expectation or rule

  • 〜のに — “even though,” contrast between two clauses

  • 〜にもかかわらず — “despite,” regardless of the circumstance


Common mistakes

  • It takes a noun, not a clause: 予想に反して (not 予想するに反して).

  • Before a noun use に反する: 期待に反する結果.


Related grammar

  • 〜にもかかわらず — despite

  • 〜とは違って — unlike ~

  • 〜に対して — in contrast to

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